{"id":2902,"date":"2019-01-10T13:05:44","date_gmt":"2019-01-10T10:05:44","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.ahmetkabil.com\/?p=2902"},"modified":"2019-02-13T16:03:16","modified_gmt":"2019-02-13T13:03:16","slug":"rizede-kendir-tarimindan-uretilen-sanayi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ahmetkabil.com\/?p=2902","title":{"rendered":"R\u0130ZE\u2019DE KEND\u0130R TARIMINDAN \u00dcRET\u0130LEN SANAY\u0130"},"content":{"rendered":"

Benim \u00e7ocuklu\u011fum 1945-1966 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda Rize\u2019de \u00e7ay\u0131n hen\u00fcz geli\u015fmekte oldu\u011fu y\u0131llarda m\u0131s\u0131r tarlalar\u0131n\u0131n kenarlar\u0131na genel olarak 1,5-2m. Geni\u015fli\u011finde bir \u00e7er\u00e7evede veya \u00e7ok ender m\u00fcstakil k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck arazilerde kendir ekilirdi. Son baharda m\u0131s\u0131r hasad\u0131 yap\u0131l\u0131rken kendir \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc de 10-15 kilograml\u0131k ba\u011flar halinde yap\u0131l\u0131r.\u00a0G\u00fcne\u015f ve ya\u011fmur alt\u0131na b\u0131rak\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131.<\/p>\n

Takriben 2 ay sonra kom\u015fular\u0131n yard\u0131m\u0131 ile kabuk k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n ay\u0131rarak al\u0131n\u0131r. Lif \u015feklindeki kabuklar demetler halinde b\u00f6lgedeki\u00a0 su ile \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan tokmaklarda belli bir s\u00fcre d\u00f6v\u00fclerek imalata haz\u0131rlan\u0131rd\u0131.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Rize Bezi (Feretiko) Dokuma Tezgah\u0131<\/p>\n

Art\u0131k yumu\u015fak hale gelen malzeme taranarak halk taraf\u0131ndan standart iplik haline getirilirdi. \u0130plikler alemidi denilen ara\u00e7larla masuri \u015fekline getirildikten sonra\u00a0 ketan veya feretiko tezgahlar\u0131na g\u00f6nderilip dokuma tezgahlar\u0131nda kuma\u015f haline getirilmi\u015f okurlard\u0131.<\/p>\n

FERET\u0130KO;<\/p>\n

Bu konuda THY\u00a0 bro\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcnden al\u0131nt\u0131 yap\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n

Feretiko, Rize kad\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n nesilden nesile daha bir h\u00fcnerle dokudu\u011fu bir kuma\u015f.Bug\u00fcnk\u00fc ad\u0131yla Rize bezi. Osmanl\u0131 saraylar\u0131n\u0131 da s\u00fcsleyen gelenek olarak feretiko,\u00a0 dokuma tezgah\u0131yla malzemesiyle desenleriyle \u00e7ok \u00f6zel bir kuma\u015f.O y\u0131llarda T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin bir\u00e7ok b\u00f6lgesinde yeti\u015fen s\u0131naibir bitki olan kendirin elyaf\u0131ndan halat, ip, sicim \u00fcretilirmi\u015f.Ancak Rize\u2019nin kavurmayan g\u00fcne\u015fi liflerin sertle\u015fmesini engelleyen bol ya\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131, akarsular\u0131ndaki y\u00fcksek seviyede ozonun bir araya gelmesi\u00a0 sonucunda burada yeti\u015fen bitkinin liflerinden \u00e7ok ince iplik b\u00fck\u00fclebiliyor, bu da feretikoya incecik dokusunu kazand\u0131r\u0131yormu\u015f.\u00c7ay \u00f6ncesi y\u0131llar\u0131n Rize evlerinde birer feretiko tezgah\u0131 varm\u0131\u015f.O tezgahlardan yay\u0131lan \u201ctak tak \u201c sesleri de g\u00fcnl\u00fck hayat\u0131n bir par\u00e7as\u0131ym\u0131\u015f.Bug\u00fcn, tekrar canland\u0131r\u0131lmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lan bu geleneksel \u00fcr\u00fcn \u00e7e\u015fitlendirilmi\u015f.Eskiler feretikodan giysi ve \u00e7ar\u015faf dikermi\u015f.Onlar\u0131n bug\u00fcn tezgah ba\u015f\u0131na gelen torunlar\u0131 masa \u00f6rt\u00fcs\u00fc, oda tak\u0131mlar\u0131, perde, yatak \u00f6rt\u00fcs\u00fc de yap\u0131yor.Feretiko dokuyan kad\u0131nlar, bu kuma\u015f\u0131n eskilerce giysi olarak kullan\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n nedenlerini \u015f\u00f6yle s\u0131ral\u0131yor:% 70\u2019i kendir %30 pamuk olan feretiko, ast\u0131m ve bron\u015fit hastalar\u0131n\u0131n solunumlar\u0131n\u0131 rahatlat\u0131yor, v\u00fccuttaki t\u00fcm teri \u00e7ekiyor, yaz\u0131n serin k\u0131\u015f\u0131n s\u0131cak tutuyor, bakteri \u00fcretmiyor\u2026Feretikoyu denemek, dokunu\u015funu izlemek isterseniz, yerel y\u00f6netimlerden halk e\u011fitimin g\u00fcndo\u011fdu\u00a0 da a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 dokuma\u00a0 at\u00f6lyesi ve sat\u0131\u015f reyonlar\u0131nda ve ma\u011fazalar her t\u00fcrl\u00fc ve her desende Rize bezini bulabilirsiniz.<\/p>\n

O\u00a0 tarihlerde ayn\u0131 tezgahlarda verilen standartlarda ketan \u00fcretimi yap\u0131lan o sekt\u00f6rdeki arac\u0131lar vas\u0131tas\u0131 ile toptanc\u0131lara ula\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131.<\/p>\n

\"\"
\u0130thal edilen standart iplikle, maka\u00e7i ve masuri (Dokuma yard\u0131mc\u0131 aletleri)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
\"\"
Feretikodan dokunmu\u015f atlet<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
\"\"
Rizze Feretiko sat\u0131\u015f ma\u011fazas\u0131ndan bir \u00f6rt\u00fc \u00f6rne\u011fi<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
\"\"
\u0130pli\u011fin alemididen masuriye aktar\u0131lmas\u0131<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
\"\"
Rizze Feretiko sat\u0131\u015f ma\u011fazas\u0131ndan bir \u00f6rt\u00fc \u00f6rne\u011fi<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Bu t\u00fcccarlar Ta\u015fl\u0131deredeki Kasarc\u0131lar k\u00f6y\u00fcnde KETENC\u0130LER ailesi ve yi\u011fitler k\u00f6y\u00fcnde KAB\u0130L ailesince iki ayr\u0131 yerde kurulan feretiko ve Ketanlar\u0131n beyazlat\u0131lmak i\u00e7in KASARLAR vard\u0131.Beyazlatma i\u015flemi kasara gelen feretikolar b\u00fcy\u00fck kazanlarla kaynat\u0131lan k\u00fcl suyuna takriben 12 saat bekletildikten sonra dere kenar\u0131nda temiz ta\u015flara serilerek g\u00fcnde 5-6 defa dereden lavotla \u0131slat\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131. Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7 devam ederken 3 g\u00fcnde bir feretikolar veya ketanlar takriben\u00a0 60 cm ebad\u0131nda katlanarak k\u00fcl suyunun ve iplik kirlili\u011finin giderilmesi i\u00e7in derede d\u00fcz ta\u015flardan yap\u0131lan tezgahta i\u015f\u00e7iler taraf\u0131ndan takriben 10 dakika s\u00fcre ile o arada ta\u015f\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcndeki suda \u0131slat\u0131larak bir sa\u011fa bir sola\u00a0 d\u00f6v\u00fcl\u00fcrd\u00fc.<\/p>\n

Ayr\u0131ca beyazlama s\u00fcrecinde iki ayr\u0131 zamanlarda havuzlarda \u0131l\u0131k\u00a0 suda olu\u015fturulan kire\u00e7 kayma\u011f\u0131 ve \u015fap kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131nda 12 saat bekletilerek feretikonun ve ketan\u0131n beyazlanmas\u0131 sa\u011flanm\u0131\u015f olurdu.Bir ay sonra art\u0131k beyazlam\u0131\u015f olan\u00a0 feretiko ve ketanlar kurutularak ve katlanarak sahiplerine ula\u015ft\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131. Genelde feretikolar g\u00f6mlek, atlet ve \u00e7e\u015fitli \u00f6rt\u00fcler vs. yap\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131. Ketanlar sa\u011fl\u0131k kurulu\u015flar\u0131nca kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6ylenirdi.<\/p>\n

Bu sekt\u00f6r te\u015fvik edilip say\u0131s\u0131 geli\u015ftirilirse Rize turizmine katk\u0131 sa\u011flayaca\u011f\u0131 kanaatindeyim.<\/p>\n\n\n[embedyt] https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=FUm5-awReKY[\/embedyt]\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Benim \u00e7ocuklu\u011fum 1945-1966 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda Rize\u2019de \u00e7ay\u0131n hen\u00fcz geli\u015fmekte oldu\u011fu y\u0131llarda m\u0131s\u0131r tarlalar\u0131n\u0131n kenarlar\u0131na genel olarak 1,5-2m. Geni\u015fli\u011finde bir \u00e7er\u00e7evede veya \u00e7ok ender m\u00fcstakil k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck arazilerde kendir ekilirdi. Son baharda m\u0131s\u0131r hasad\u0131 yap\u0131l\u0131rken kendir \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc de 10-15 kilograml\u0131k ba\u011flar halinde yap\u0131l\u0131r.\u00a0G\u00fcne\u015f ve ya\u011fmur alt\u0131na b\u0131rak\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2906,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[15,4],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2902","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bolgesel","category-tum-yazilarim"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ahmetkabil.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2902","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ahmetkabil.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ahmetkabil.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ahmetkabil.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ahmetkabil.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2902"}],"version-history":[{"count":11,"href":"https:\/\/www.ahmetkabil.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2902\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3011,"href":"https:\/\/www.ahmetkabil.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2902\/revisions\/3011"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ahmetkabil.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/2906"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ahmetkabil.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2902"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ahmetkabil.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2902"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ahmetkabil.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2902"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}